Toussaint Louverture
|
Á̱ lyuut ati̱kut wuni di̱n Tyap Maba̱ta̱do ja (Maba̱ta̱do) |
| Sot mbyin | a̱sam  |
|---|---|
| A̱byin mbyin | Saint-Domingue, Fi̱ransa (a̱byin) |
| A̱lyoot da̱ a̱lyem mbyin | Toussaint Louverture |
| A̱lyoot nang á̱ ku tyia̱ nggu | François |
| A̱lyoot kyangbwak | Louverture |
| A̱tuk mbyin | 20 Zwat Tswuon 1743 |
| A̱keang mbyin | Cap-Haïtien |
| A̱tuk kwi | 7 Zwat Nyaai 1803 |
| A̱keang kwi | Fort de Joux |
| Tangka̱i kwi | natural causes |
| Cause of death | pneumonia |
| A̱vwuoniat | Panthéon |
| A̱tyia̱ | Gaou Guinou |
| A̱tyunswat | Suzanne Simone Baptiste Louverture |
| Nggwon | Isaac Louverture |
| Lilyem a̱ lyen lyiat, lyuut ku tyia̱ bwak ma̱ng a̱nhu a̱ni | Fi̱ransa, Shong, Haitian Creole |
| A̱lyem lyuut | Fi̱ransa |
| Mali a̱yaatyia̱ | Great Ardra |
| Place of detention | Fort de Joux |
| Ta̱m | a̱tyukwainfwuo-á̱niet, military personnel, governor, freedom fighter, revolutionary |
| Memba sot kwai-nfwuo-á̱niet | Jacobins |
| Khwi ku nwuan-ta̱cya̱ | Sot Á̱nietkhwi Katolika |
| Ku yet kap | Tyeizat Hayiti |
| Military, police or special rank | divisional general |
| Zook | Napoleonic Wars |
| Sa a̱khwot a̱kwop | French Army |
| Archives at | Defence Historical Service |
| Copyright status as a creator | copyrights on works have expired |
François-Dominique Toussaint Louverture (fr; 20 Zwat Tswuon 1743 – 7 Zwat Nyaai 1803), á̱ ka ngyei Toussaint L'Ouverture ku Toussaint Bréda a̱ni, ku yet jenera a̱byin Hayiti wa ma̱ng a̱kwak a̱son nang á̱ lyen a̱ swak a̱ni mi̱ Tyeizat Hayiti hu. Di̱n jen nang gu ku shyia̱ a̱cet a̱ni, Louverture ku tsa kwan a̱ si̱ ba̱ yet a̱tyucyiet a̱khwot á̱kwop Si̱pen mi̱ di̱ zwang á̱niet cat Tyok Saint-Domingue ba, a̱wot a̱ si̱ ba̱ nwuo di̱ kwan di̱ fam Fi̱ransa Ga̱maá̱niet hu, a̱ si̱ kin ngyet Gwomna-Jenera A̱mgba̱m-Shyicet a̱si̱ Saint-Domingue, a̱wot di̱ ngaan hu a̱ si̱ kwan a̱soja ga̱maá̱niet Napolyon ba.[1][2] Louverture ku yet a̱kwak a̱son tyeizat wa a̱wot a̱ si̱ tyai cet zwang ma̱ng kwainfwuo-á̱niet ku beang shai tyeizat á̱khwo ku vwuot a̱ ghwut a̱ni ku si̱ tyia̱ a̱guguut tyeizat. Dundung ma̱ng Jhyan-Jhyak Desalin, á̱ lyen Louverture ma̱nini di̱ yet a̱tyonyiung mami "A̱yaatyia̱ Hayiti" ma̱ng ghwughwu tashikum Hayiti, a̱ji wa á̱ cyin nggu di̱ yet a̱tyukpaat a̱byin a̱dyundyung-á̱niet a̱kya.[3][4]
A̱ya̱fang
[jhyuk | jhyuk a̱tyin ka]- ↑ Chartrand, René (1996). Napoleon's Overseas Army (3 ed.). Hong Kong: Reed International Books Ltd. ISBN 0-85045-900-1.[a̱fwuop ka̱ sang swuan di̱ndi̱ng a̱ni]
- ↑ White, Ashli (2010). Encountering Revolution: Haiti and the Making of the Early Republic. Baltimore, Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-8018-9415-2.
- ↑ Lamrani, Salim (2021-04-30). "Toussaint Louverture, In the Name of Dignity. A Look at the Trajectory of the Precursor of Independence of Haiti". Études caribéennes (in English) (48). doi:10.4000/etudescaribeennes.22675. ISSN 1779-0980. S2CID 245041866.
- ↑ Mocombe, Paul C. (2018). Identity and Ideology in Haiti: The Children of Sans Souci, Dessalines/Toussaint, and Pétion. Routledge. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 Zwat A̱ni̱nai 2023. Retrieved 15 Zwat A̱ni̱nai 2023.