Tyeizat Hayiti
| Yet kap | Atlantic Revolutions, French Revolutionary Wars, Latin American wars of independence  |
|---|---|
| A̱byin | Saint-Domingue |
| A̱vwuo | Saint-Domingue |
| Si̱ a̱ ntung a̱ni yet | 1804 Haitian massacre |
| A̱tsak jen | 1 Zwat Jhyiung 1804 |
| Jen ntsa | 14 Zwat A̱ni̱nai 1791 |
| Jen tyiai | 1 Zwat Jhyiung 1804 |
Tyeizat Hayiti hu (Haitian Creole: Lagè d Lendependans; French: Révolution haïtienne [ʁevɔlysjɔ̃ a.isjɛn] or Guerre de l'indépendance) Kuyet vwout nvwout fwuo nyia̱ nsi̱ ya-a̱nwyuan mbwak a̱nyiat tsaai jhya ba nwak a̱pyia̱ mba a̱khwo Afi̱rika da̱nian lak tyok ci̱t si̱ Fi̱ransa (a̱byin) mi̱ Saint-Domingue, ma̱nini a̱tyu tyok Hayiti.[1] [1]A̱sai tyok cit wu: 25,000 a̱niet kukhwi[1] [1] .[2] Bwuan bwuak a̱di̱dam wu wa ku yet mi̱ kyang á̱ ku lyen di̱ A̱khwo vwuot ndyen mi̱ nkhyang a̱tyubishyi na tyia̱ tat á̱ si̱ shyia̱ si̱tet zang hu hwa ku tyia̱ kap konyan si̱ shyia̱ sa̱t mbwak khwo (á̱ dam nyia̱ di̱ mbwak khwo a̱khwot a̱khwop)[3]hwa bah a̱wot cong ma̱ng tyok hu mbwak a̱tyu di̱n a̱ yet a̱shong a̱ni bah ma̱ng a̱tyu cok a̱ kan swak a̱ni .[4]
Vwuot a̱yaat ka tsa ma̱ a̱tuk 22 Zwat a̱nīnai ndyia̱ 1791,[5] a̱wot ku si̱ tyak mi̱ mdyia̱ 1804 dundung ma̱ng tyok cit swaak shyia̱ tyok a̱byin. It involved black, biracial, French, Spanish, British, and Polish participants—with the ex-slave Toussaint Louverture emerging as Haiti's most prominent general. The successful revolution was a defining moment in the history of the Atlantic World[6][7] and the revolution's effects on the institution of slavery were felt throughout the Americas. The end of French rule and the abolition of slavery in the former colony was followed by a successful defense of the freedoms the former slaves had won, and with the collaboration of already free people of color, of their independence from white Europeans.[8][9][10]
The revolution was the largest slave uprising since Spartacus' unsuccessful revolt against the Roman Republic nearly 1,900 years earlier,[11] and challenged long-held European beliefs about alleged black inferiority and about slaves' ability to achieve and maintain their own freedom. The rebels' organizational capacity and tenacity under pressure inspired stories that shocked and frightened slave owners in the hemisphere.[12]
Compared to other Atlantic revolutions, the events in Haiti have received comparatively little public attention in retrospect: historian Michel-Rolph Trouillot characterizes the historiography of the Haitian Revolution as being "silenced" by that of the French Revolution.[13][14][15]
Ya̱fang
[jhyuk | jhyuk a̱tyin ka]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Scheina. Latin America's Wars. Potomac Books. p. 1772.
- ↑ Igawa, Momoko; Kato, Makoto (2017). "A new species of hermit crab, Diogenes heteropsammicola (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura, Diogenidae), replaces a mutualistic sipunculan in a walking coral symbiosis". PLOS ONE. 12 (9): e0184311. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1284311I. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0184311. hdl:2433/227462. PMC 5606932. PMID 28931020.
- ↑ Ghachem, Malick W.; Danforth, Susan. "The Other Revolution". John Carter Brown Library. Brown University. Archived from the original on 2024-02-02. Retrieved 2022-03-11.Ta̱mpi̱let:Dead link
- ↑ Franklin W. Knight (February 2000). "The Haitian Revolution". The American Historical Review. 105 (1): 103–115. doi:10.2307/2652438. JSTOR 2652438.
- ↑ Adam Hochschild (2005). Bury the Chains. Houghton Mifflin. p. 257.
- ↑ "Why Haiti should be at the centre of the Age of Revolution – Laurent Dubois". Aeon Essays (in English). Retrieved 2019-09-04.
- ↑ Joseph, Celucien L. (2012). "'The Haitian Turn': An Appraisal of Recent Literary and Historiographical Works on the Haitian Revolution". Journal of Pan African Studies. 5 (6): 37–55.
- ↑ Taber, Robert D. (2015). "Navigating Haiti's History: Saint-Domingue and the Haitian Revolution". History Compass. 13 (5): 235–250. doi:10.1111/hic3.12233.
- ↑ Bongie, Chris (2008). Friends and Enemies: The Scribal Politics of Post/colonial Literature. Liverpool, UK: Liverpool University Press. p. 45. ISBN 978-1846311420.
- ↑ Curtis Comstock, Sandra (2012). Incorporating Comparisons in the Rift: Making Use of Cross-Place Events and Histories in Moments of World Historical Change, a chapter in Anna Amelina, Beyond methodological nationalism: research methodologies for cross-border studies. Taylor and Francis. pp. 183–185. ISBN 978-0-415-89962-8.
- ↑ Vulliamy, Ed, ed. (28 August 2010). "The 10 best revolutionaries". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- ↑ Philip James Kaisary (2008). The Literary Impact of the Haitian Revolution, PhD dissertation. University of Warwick. pp. 8–10.
- ↑ Michel-Rolph Trouillot, Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History.
- ↑ Marlene Daut, Tropics of Haiti.
- ↑ Hoel, 2021-et-la-revolution-francaise.