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Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube

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Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube
Da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui
Kpaat1991 Jhyuk
A̱byinRomaniya Jhyuk
Shyia̱ di̱ fam tyok a̱byinTulcea County Jhyuk
Coordinate location45°12′0″N 29°30′0″E Jhyuk
Yet kap nsotMan and the Biosphere Programme Jhyuk
Heritage designationWorld Heritage Site, Ramsar site Jhyuk
World Heritage criteria(vii), (x) Jhyuk
Da̱li̱taDa̱nube Jhyuk
UNESCO Biosphere Reserve URLhttp://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/europe-north-america/romania/danube-delta/ Jhyuk
Map

Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube (Romaniya: Delta Dunării, á̱ ngyei [ˈdelta ˈdunərij] (fa̱k); Yuki̱ren: Дельта Дунаю, romanized: Deľta Dunaju, á̱ ngyei [delʲˈtɑ dʊnɐˈju]) ji ja yet da̱li̱ta a̱ghyui ji̱ yet sweang ma̱ng shi a̱ni mi̱ Yurop, lilyim Da̱li̱ta Voli̱ga ji, a̱wot jija swak di̱ shot byian mi̱ vam-a̱byin hu.[1] A̱gba̱ndang kap Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube wu myiai ma̱ a̱byin Romaniya (Fam Tuli̱kea) wa, ma̱ng a̱bada̱dei kap ma̱ a̱byin Yuki̱ren (Obi̱lat Odesa).[2][3] Shi kyai a̱byin nji nyia̱ kpa̱mkpaan ku bai kilomita a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 4,152 (met a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 1,603 ), da̱nang kilomita a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 3,446 (met a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 1,331) shyia̱ Romaniya wa a̱ni. Ma̱ng A̱ca̱cet njok Razim–Sinoe (kilomita a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 1,015 ku met a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 392, a̱ si̱ byia̱ shi a̱tai a̱sa̱khwot kilomita a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 865 ku met a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 334), a̱ shyia̱ di̱ fam a̱tak a̱tsak da̱li̱ta hu, a̱wot a̱kuu kyai Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube wu yet kilomita a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 5,165 (met a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 1,994) wa. Sot a̱ca̱cet njok Razim–Sinoe ji byia̱ a̱meang ma̱ng a̱tsak da̱li̱ta wu mi̱ lili-a̱byin ma̱ng nkyangswuan na̱ shyia̱ a̱ja a̱ni; ma̱ a̱mgba̱m fam a̱baka̱vwuo huni mun yet A̱vwuo Nkhang Swanta kya.

Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube di̱ hyia̱k Tuli̱kea (2010).

Nkhang-a̱byin ma̱ng jiyoloji

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Nkhang shyiak Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube na (A̱A̱ 1 – 2015)

Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube a̱fwun ji ku ntsa a̱ma̱lyim a̱lyia̱ 4000 A̱K kya da̱ a̱ngan a̱sakhwot A̱dyundyung Kyai A̱sa̱khwot wu jen ji nang kyai a̱sa̱khwot wu si̱ mwai tat shi a̱za hu nang ku shyia̱ a̱ni mi̱ di̱ yong huni. Dyem a̱jijak ku fam a̱ngam a̱sa̱khwot Da̱nube wu nang a̱ghyui ka ku tsa nok da̱li̱ta nka ji a̱ni. Ma̱nang ka̱ nhyat a̱ngam wu ma̱ng á̱kpa̱u nkyang, da̱li̱ta ji si̱ ngaat a̱ byia̱k a̱feam dyem kani lilyim a̱lyia̱ 3500 A̱K, ka̱ sii du ta̱bat nok kpi̱kpuut ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t:[4] nang a̱si̱ Sen George I (3500–1600 A̱K) ka, Sulina (1600–0 A̱K) ka, Sen George II (0 A̱K–a̱zafwun) ka ma̱ng a̱si̱ Hyilya ku Kilya (1600 A̱A̱–a̱zafwun) ka. Á̱ ku si̱ nnok kpi̱kpuut a̱mami ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t jhyang mami a̱ca̱cet njok ma̱ng a̱yaalagun ba shyia̱ di̱ jhyi Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube hu di̱ fam a̱za hu (Hyilya I ma̱ng II) a̱wot si̱ nat di̱ fam a̱tak hu (Dunavat).[5] A̱tyin a̱lyiak bibyin-a̱ri̱giwa ka ma̱ng ngeang kyai a̱byin hu di̱ sanggak kpi̱kpuut mi̱ da̱li̱ta ji ku neet di̱ ghwut a̱sa̱khwot a̱ri̱giwa hu hwa, zang hu hwa byia̱ a̱meang ma̱ng kak susop di̱ kham Da̱nube ji di̱ miliniyom 1 ma̱ng 2 hu.[6][5] A̱gwaklyen-jiyoloji Liviu Giosan ku tak The New York Times nyia̱:

Ka̱ doot á̱ ku tai nok a̱yaakpa 40 á̱si̱ Da̱li̱ta ji mi̱ ndyia̱ 1,000 na̱ sii swak nia a̱ni. Lyen a̱ni si̱ yet nang jen "n ta̱taat kyang" ja a̱ni.[6]

Mi̱ di̱ yong huni, da̱li̱ta ji swuo a̱bung ma̱ng a̱ca̱cet á̱kpa̱u nkyang, a̱ma̱lyim nang á̱ za nnok a̱yaadam ma̱ a̱ghyui Da̱nube ka ma̱ng a̱ka̱weang nka na mi̱ di̱ jhyi sa̱ncuri hu ku sii swak a̱ni. Da̱ a̱kwonu a̱kya, nok ni̱nok á̱dodoo nvak a̱sa̱khwot na̱ li ma̱ gyan na a̱ni mi̱ da̱li̱ta ji di̱n jen a̱ja (mumwang byi̱k a̱ti̱ti̱t ghyang) si̱si̱ nghyuai kya̱kyat hu nang á̱ shyiat a̱ni di̱ kyai da̱li̱ta hu, mi̱ ku si̱ ki mban ghwut a̱sa̱khwot di̱ khwong hu meang.[7][8] Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube ji yet kyai a̱ri̱giwa a̱sa̱khwot hwa ku swan gyan a̱ni, kap a̱lyiak nji yet a̱byin nian kya ma̱ng a̱sa̱khwot. Ji̱ byia̱ ndyuut nian na̱ cin a̱ni, nvak a̱sa̱khwot, si̱sa ncen, ma̱ng a̱ca̱cet njok. Shi a̱za ca̱caat nji hu hu hwa yet mita 0.52, ma̱ng %20 a̱byin nji tafa shi kyai a̱sa̱khwot a̱wot kyang ku lan kap a̱kum nji swan tafa mita nyiung mi̱ shi a̱za. A̱yaabap tazwa kap kyai hu ku lyiak ma̱ng ngeang hu a̱ni mi̱ da̱li̱ta ji (nkyai khwong La̱tea ma̱ng Ka̱rawoman) ba̱ yong a̱za (m 12.4 ma̱ng m 7 a̱nyiung a̱ma̱lyim a̱ghyang). A̱ca̱cet njok ba ba̱ swak ma̱ng shi a̱ni bibya yet a̱ca̱cet njok Di̱ranop (km2 21.7), Roshu (km2 14.5) ma̱ng Gori̱gova (km2 13.8).

Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube – Pa̱likan Da̱li̱matya ma̱ng a̱gba̱ndang kwori̱moran wu.

Nghwughwu

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  • Sulina – a̱ga̱nga̱ng a̱ndi̱ri̱m ndong 1870
    Sulina – a̱ga̱nga̱ng a̱ndi̱ri̱m ndong 1870
  • A̱vwuocok taada Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube ka (a̱shong: mi̱ Yuki̱ren; bagina/a̱shong: mi̱ Romaniya)
    A̱vwuocok taada Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube ka (a̱shong: mi̱ Yuki̱ren; bagina/a̱shong: mi̱ Romaniya)
  • Nwai bibyin mi̱ Romaniya mi̱ da̱li̱ta Da̱nube ji neet ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1948
    Nwai bibyin mi̱ Romaniya mi̱ da̱li̱ta Da̱nube ji neet ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1948
  • A̱ka̱vwuo nang á̱ ku fam á̱ si̱ khwot nna di̱n jen komyunit ji
    A̱ka̱vwuo nang á̱ ku fam á̱ si̱ khwot nna di̱n jen komyunit ji
  • Tityin a̱ntyiit ku laai mi̱ Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube ji a̱ni
    Tityin a̱ntyiit ku laai mi̱ Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube ji a̱ni

Ya̱fang

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  1. ↑ Danube Delta – UNESCO World Heritage Centre
  2. ↑ Biosphere Reserves in Ukraine, UNESCO. [Bwuot 2 Zwat A̱taa 2019].
  3. ↑ Biosphere Reserves: Danube Delta, UNESCO. [Bwuot 2 Zwat A̱taa 2019].
  4. ↑ Giosan, Liviu; Donnelly, Jeffrey P.; Constantinescu, Stefan; Filip, Florin; Ovejanu, Ionut; Vespremeanu-Stroe, Alfred; Vespremeanu, Emil; Duller, Geoff A.T. (2006). "Young Danube delta documents stable Black Sea level since the middle Holocene: Morphodynamic, paleogeographic, and archaeological implications". Geology. 34 (9): 757–760. Bibcode:2006Geo....34..757G. doi:10.1130/G22587.1.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Liviu Giosan; Marco J. L. Coolen; Jed O. Kaplan; Stefan Constantinescu; Florin Filip; Mariana Filipova-Marinova; Albert J. Kettner; Nick Thom (Zwat A̱ni̱nai 30, 2012). "Early Anthropogenic Transformation of the Danube-Black Sea System". Scientific Reports. 2 (article number 582): 582. Bibcode:2012NatSR...2E.582G. doi:10.1038/srep00582. PMC 3430877. PMID 22937219. Sediment loads delivered by Danube River, the main tributary of the Black Sea, significantly increased as land use intensified in the last two millennia, which led to a rapid expansion of its delta.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Rachel Newer (Zwat A̱kubunyiung 14, 2012). "Comments From Ancient Deforestation, a Delta Is Born". The New York Times. Retrieved Zwat A̱kubunyiung 17, 2012.
  7. ↑ Giosan, Liviu; Constantinescu, Stefan; Filip, Florin; Deng, Bing (2013). "Maintenance of large deltas through channelization: Nature vs. humans in the Danube delta". Anthropocene. 1: 35–45. doi:10.1016/j.ancene.2013.09.001.
  8. ↑ "Study Offers Economical Solutions for Maintaining Critical Delta Environments". Retrieved 10 Zwat A̱taa 2021.

A̱ka̱fwuop nta

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